HYDROLOGICAL CONDITION & GENESIS REPORT OF RUDRAPUR

Ground Water Conditions (non policy)

The water contained in deeper aquifers (water bearing zones) are under hydraulic pressure. Due to high piezometric head and recharge area being at higher elevation, the wells are under artesian conditions and it makes the water to flow freely without pumping i.e. under automatic conditions. Auto-flow of the tube well is 10,000 liters per hour (167 liters per minute). However on pumping it yield 20,000 liters per hour.

The plant area falls within the spring line. Artesian conditions are confirmed to the Tarai zone, south of the spring line. Confined aquifers occur where ground water is confined under pressure, being overlain by relatively impermeable strata. In a well, penetrating such an aquifer, the water will rise above the bottom of the confining bed. If the water level rises above the top of the confining layer, above the ground surface, free flowing/auto flow conditions results.

Hydroogical Setup

There are plenty of moist and water logged areas around the spring line particularly during monsoon season. The sand and gravel associated with the finer fraction are the major aquifers in this zone. These are generally in continuity and are recharged through them by downward percolation and consequent lateral outflow within the zone.

The plant area falls within the spring line. Artesian conditions are confirmed to the Tarai zone, south of the spring line. Confined aquifers occur where ground water is confined under pressure, being overlain by relatively impermeable strata. In a well, penetrating such an aquifer, the water will rise above the bottom of the confining bed. If the water level rises above the top of the confining layer, above the ground surface, free flowing/auto flow conditions results.

Genesis

The origin of natural mineral water proposed to be drawn from the aquifer at a depth ranging from the aquifer at a depth ranging from 62.50 m to 79.30 m below ground level is meteoric. Ground water movement is through sediments comprised of sand, gravel, pebble & boulder of quartzites, which act as natural and most hygienic filters. The coarser sediments (sand & gravel) occur alternating with clay beds, which act as natural caps. Since the material (sand & gravel) water bearing zones which have been tapped in the tube well are composed of quartzites which contains mainly Sio2, hence there are no chances of mixing any constituents with the ground water. In view of the above the quality of water is also not likely to be changed on pumping and with seasonal changes. The aquifers, which have been tapped, are under artesian conditions and water flows automatically.